Justiça do Rio decide que uso de poços artesianos estão proibidos em áreas com abastecimento público; entenda!

novembro 17, 2025

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O Tribunal de Justiça do Rio de Janeiro (TJRJ) decidiu que é legal proibir o uso de poços artesianos em imóveis localizados em áreas onde já existe abastecimento pela rede pública de água. A decisão foi tomada em julgamento de Incidente de Resolução de Demandas Repetitivas (IRDR) e passa a ser obrigatória para todos os juízes e câmaras do estado.

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O que motivou a decisão

A análise ocorreu porque havia centenas de ações judiciais contestando normas estaduais que restringiam o uso de água de poço em locais já atendidos pela CEDAE e concessionárias. Condomínios e moradores defendiam que, tendo poços regularizados e água própria para consumo, deveriam ter autonomia para utilizá-los, especialmente diante de falhas no fornecimento de água.

Base do entendimento do Tribunal

O TJRJ confirmou a validade do Decreto Estadual nº 40.156/2006 e da Portaria SERLA nº 555/2007. O entendimento foi sustentado no argumento de que a Lei Federal nº 11.445/2007, que regulamenta o saneamento básico, exige:

Segurança sanitária: o uso indiscriminado de poços pode contaminar o lençol freático e comprometer o sistema de coleta e tratamento de esgoto.

Sustentabilidade econômica do saneamento: quando muitos consumidores deixam de usar a rede pública, as concessionárias perdem receita e ficam sem recursos para manutenção, expansão e tratamento de esgoto, prejudicando toda a coletividade.

O que passa a valer na prática

Imóveis atendidos pela rede pública não podem usar poços artesianos, mesmo se licenciados, como fonte principal ou alternativa de água.
Imóveis sem rede pública podem continuar utilizando poços normalmente.
A decisão afeta diretamente condomínios que utilizam poços para reduzir custos, que deverão se adaptar ao abastecimento das concessionárias.
Processos judiciais em andamento passam a seguir automaticamente a tese definida no IRDR.


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